hépe ADJ, N ‘a small amount, ca. half a container; piece, part, some, a bit’ tóa ADJ, PRON ‘any’ / ‘some’ / marker of the head in a relative clause hó᷈õpa wĩ ‘some day, some[…]
The indefinite quantifier ‘some’ and related elements in Lakhota
Quantifiers (all, some, many, none, every, etc.) play an essential role in semantics. In Chomskyan Universal Grammar theory quantifiers are considered archetypical language elements the notion of which is hard-wired into the brain and thus[…]
The Osage vowel and consonantal systems
All information on the Osage vowel and consonantal systems stems from Quintero’s Osage Grammar (Quintero 2004: 16-42). The Osage vowel system front central back unrounded rounded nasal unrounded rounded unrounded rounded nasal high i (u)[…]


The Osage (wažáže)
An historic summary and basic linguistic information on the language of the Osage (wažáže ‘the water people’) people, including language examples.

Degiha tribes migration
Orally transmitted history of the great Degiha tribes migration to their later homelands in the Great Plains (Omaha, Ponca, Osage, Kansa, Quapaw) and accounts by Europeans from the 16th and 17th century on.
A noun classification system based on positional properties of objects in Osage (1 of 2)
In Osage, the distinction between standing, sitting, lying and moving objects is fundamental. This positional configuration is inherent to objects, such that for example a dish will always ‘sit’ on the table surface. Speakers must always use speech elements consistently with the according inherent positional properties of an object. Several elements including aspect auxiliaries, positional articles, postpositions are employed in this system.