This is a small relational database of Osage language examples, morphemes, verbs and grammatical features, which are interlinked. Additional grammatical information is included with the records. The examples and information are based on Carolyn Quintero's Osage Grammar (2004) and the exact reference for each example is included. For some examples there are minor alternative morphosemantic interpretations added, they appear separate from the original data.

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The Osage verb complex (after Quintero 2004)

V1 V2 V3 V4 V5 V6 V7 V8 VR V9
Derivation Derivation Inflection
A1P		 Derivation Inflection
PAT		 Inflection
AGT		 Obj. ref; inceptive; vertitive Derivation Verb root Post-root
wa Valence reducer

Causative primary root

i Valence increaser, instrumental 'with' (i- or ii-)

Pre-verb e

Pre-verb wĩ

ãk (A1P)

 

o Goal/theme marker (Locative in Quintero)

á Locative

Pre-verb (e.g. mã)

ki as pre-verb

Outer instrumental (pa, po, taa)

1SG ã
2SG ði
3SG Ø

1PL wa...api
3PL Ø ~ wa

1SG a [Wa]
2SG ða [Ya]
3SG Ø

1PL ãk ~ ã [ãk]
Ø

kik suus

kik vertitive

hkik reciprocal

hkik reflexive

ki dative

ki inceptive

 Inner instrmental
(ðaa, ðuu, kaa, nãã, paa, pu, pi)		 verb root
(including causative ðe)

Plurality,
Negation,
Iteration,
Aspect,
Posture,
Declarative